2019NIAN3YUE17RI，《2019 ACC/AHAXINXUEGUANJIBINGYIJIYUFANGZHINAN》ZAIDI68JIEMEIGUOXINZANGBINGXUEHUIKEXUENIANHUI（ACC 2019）SHANGZHENGSHIFABU，ZHINANSHANGZHICHULEGUNQIUTIYUXINXUEGUANJIBINGDESHIDAYAODIAN。
指南上的十大要点
YI
YUFANGDONGMAIZHOUYANGYINGHUAXINGXUEGUANJIBING、XINLISHUAIJIEHEXINFANGZHANDONGZUIZHONGYAODEFANGFA，SHITICHANGZHONGSHENGDEJIANKANGSHENGHUOFANGSHI。
ER
JIYUTUANDUIDEYILIAOFANGFASHIYUFANGXINXUEGUANJIBINGDEYOUXIAOCELVE。LINCHUANGYISHENGYINGPINGGUYINGXIANGGETIJIANKANGDESHEHUIJUEDINGYINSU，YIBIANWEIZHILIAOJUECETIGONGXINXI。
SAN
NIANLINGZAI40～75SUIQIEZHENGZAIJIESHOUXINXUEGUANJIBINGYUFANGPINGGUDECHENGNIANREN，ZAIKAISHIYAOWUZHILIAO（RUJIANGYAZHILIAO、TATINGLEIYAOWUHUOASIPILIN）ZHIQIAN，YINGJIESHOU10NIANDONGMAIZHOUYANGYINGHUAXINGXINXUEGUANJIBING（ASCVD）FENGXIANPINGGU，BINGJINXINGLINCHUANGYISHENGYUHUANZHEZHIJIANDEFENGXIANTAOLUN。
SI
SUOYOUCHENGNIANRENDOUYINGSHERUJIANKANGDEYINSHI，ZENGJIASHUCAI、SHUIGUO、JIANGUO、QUANGUWU、YULEIDESHERU，BINGJINLIANGJIANSHAOFANSHIZHIFANG、JIAGONGROULEI、JINGZHITANSHUIHUAHEWUHEHANTANGYINLIAODESHERU。DUIYUCHAOZHONGHEFEIPANGDECHENGNIANREN，JIANYITONGGUOZIXUNHEXIANZHIRELIANGDEFANGSHILAISHIXIANHEBAOCHIJIANZHONG。
WU
CHENGNIANRENMEIZHOUYINGZHISHAOJINXING150FENZHONGDEZHONGDENGQIANGDUTILIHUODONGHUO75FENZHONGDEJULIETILIHUODONG。
LIU
DUIYUHUANYOU2XINGTANGNIAOBINGDECHENGNIANRENLAISHUO，GAIBIANSHENGHUOFANGSHI（RUGAISHANYINSHIXIGUANHESHIXIANYUNDONG）DEJIANYISHIZHIGUANZHONGYAODE。
QI
MEICIJIANKANGJIANCHASHIDOUYINGDUISUOYOUCHENGNIANRENJINXINGYANCAOSHIYONGPINGGU，YINGBANGZHUNEIXIESHIYONGYANCAODEREN，BINGQIANGLIEJIANYITAMENJIEYAN。
BA
YOUYUQUEFAJINGHUOYI，ASIPILINBUCHANGYONGYUASCVDDECHANGGUIYIJIYUFANG。
JIU
DUIYUDIMIDUZHIDANBAIDANGUCHUNSHENGGAO（≥190 mg/dL）、NIANLINGZAI40～75SUIDETANGNIAOBINGHUANZHE，YIJIJINGLINCHUANGYISHENGYUHUANZHEFENGXIANTAOLUNHOUQUEDINGYOUZUGOUGAOASCVDFENGXIANDEHUANZHE，TATINGLEIYAOWUZHILIAOSHIYIJIYUFANGDEYIXIANZHILIAOFANGAN。
SHI
JIANYIDUISUOYOUXUEYASHENGGAOHUOGAOXUEYADECHENGNIANRENJINXINGFEIYAOWUGANYU。DUIYUXUYAOYAOWUZHILIAODEHUANZHE，MUBIAOXUEYAYIBANYING<130/80 mmHg。
看到上面的十大要点，对心血管疾病也大致了解了。那么，哪些人群容易得心血管疾病？又该怎样进行预防？
高危人群的预防方法
超重和肥胖的成年人
SHANSHIZHONGBAOHEZHIFANGSUANJINASHERUYUNAOZUZHONGCHENGZHENGXIANGGUAN，SHIRENQUNNAOZUZHONGBINGSILVDEZHUYAOJUEDINGYINSU。YIBANERYAN，ZHIFANGSHERUYIMEITIANBUCHAOGUO50KEWEIYI，QIEBAOHEZHIFANGSUANSUOZHANBILIBUYIGUOGAO；JIANYIDUICHAOZHONGHEFEIPANGDECHENGNIANRENCAIQUZIXUNHEQUANMIANDESHENGHUOFANGSHIGANYUCUOSHI，BAOKUOXIANZHIRELIANG，YISHIXIANHEBAOCHITIZHONGXIAJIANG。
患有2型糖尿病的成年人
DUIYUSUOYOUHUANYOUT2DMDECHENGNIANREN，JIANYIZHIDINGYIGEYIXINZANGJIANKANGYINSHIMOSHIWEIZHUDEDINGZHIYINGYANGJIHUA，YIGAISHANXUETANGKONGZHI，RUYOUBIYAOYINGJIANZHONG，BINGGAISHANQITAASCVDWEIXIANYINSU；MEIZHOUYINGZHISHAOJINXING150FENZHONGDEZHONGDENGQIANGDUTILIHUODONGHUO75FENZHONGDEJULIETILIHUODONG，YIGAISHANXUETANGKONGZHI，RUYOUBIYAOYINGJIANZHONG，BINGGAISHANQITAASCVDWEIXIANYINSU；ZAIQUEZHENHOUKAISHISHIYONGERJIASHUANGGUAZUOWEIYIXIANZHILIAOHEKAISHISHENGHUOFANGSHIZHILIAOSHIHELIDE，YIGAISHANXUETANGKONGZHIBINGJIANGDIASCVDFENGXIAN。
高血升压或高血压的成年人
DUIYUXUEYASHENGGAOHUOGAOXUEYADECHENGNIANREN，BAOKUONEIXIEXUYAOJIANGYAYAOWUZHILIAODEHUANZHE，JIANYIJINXINGFEIYAOWUGANYUCUOSHIYIJIANGDIXUEYA。CUOSHIBAOKUO:
JIANQINGTIZHONG；XINZANGJIANKANGDEYINSHIMOSHI；JIANSHAONASHERU；SHANSHIBUJIA；TONGGUOYOUTIAOLIDEDUANLIANJIHUAZENGJIATILIHUODONG；XIANZHIJIUJING。
其他人群的预防方法
营养与饮食
JIANYIZENGJIASHUCAI、SHUIGUO、DOULEI、JIANGUO、QUANGUWUHEYULEIDESHERU，YONGSHANSHIZHONGDEDANBUBAOHEZHIFANGHEDUOBUBAOHEZHIFANGTIDAIBAOHEZHIFANG，HANYOUJIAOSHAODANGUCHUNHENADEYINSHI；ZUOWEIJIANKANGYINSHIDEYIBUFEN，ZUIDAXIANDUDIJIANSHAOJIAGONGROULEI、JINGZHITANSHUIHUAHEWUHEHANTANGYINLIAODESHERU，QIEYINGBIMIANSHERUFANSHIZHIFANG。
运动和体力活动
CHENGNIANRENMEIZHOUYINGZHISHAOJINXING150FENZHONGDEZHONGDENGQIANGDUYOUYANGYUNDONGHUOMEIZHOU75FENZHONGDEJULIEYOUYANGYUNDONG（HUOZHONGDENGQIANGDUHEJULIEYOUYANGYUNDONGDEDENGXIAOZUHE）；DUIYUWUFADADAOZUIDITILIHUODONGJIANYI（MEIZHOUZHISHAO150FENZHONGDEZHONGDENGQIANGDUYOUYANGYUNDONGHUOMEIZHOU75FENZHONGDEJULIEYOUYANGYUNDONG）DECHENGNIANREN，CANJIAYIXIEZHONGDENGQIANGDUHUOJULIEDETILIHUODONG，JISHIDIYUTUIJIANLIANG。
2019 ACC/AHAXINXUEGUANJIBINGYIJIYUFANGZHINANWEIYUFANGXINXUEGUANJIBINGTIGONGLEZONGHEERSHIYONGDETUIJIAN，BAOKUOQIDAYAODIAN:
1
YINSHI，QIANGDIAOSHUCAI、SHUIGUO、JIANGUO、DOULEI、YUHEQUANGUWUDESHERU；
2
TILIHUODONG，TUIJIANMEIZHOUZHONGDENGQIANGDUYUNDONG≥150min，HUOJULIEYUNDONG≥75min；
3
2XINGTANGNIAOBING，TONGGUOYINSHIHEYUNDONGLAIKONGZHI，QISHIERJIASHUANGGUAZUOWEIYIXIANZHILIAO，HEBINGQITAASCVDWEIXIANYINSUXUYAOJINYIBUJIANGTANGZHILIAOZHEKEKAOLVJIYUSGT-2YIZHIJIHUOGLP-1SHOUTIJIDONGJI；
4
DANGUCHUN，PINGGUDONGMAIZHOUYANGYINGHUAXINGXINXUEGUANJIBING（ASCVD）FENGXIAN，GENJUFENGXIANZENGQIANGYINSUGETIHUA，BIYAOSHIGENJUGUANZHUANGDONGMAIGAIHUA（CAC）QINGKUANGZHONGXINFENLEI；
5
GAOXUEYA，WEICHIXUEYADIYU130/80mmHg；
6
YANCAO，TUIJIANYAOWUZHILIAOLIANHEXINGWEIGANYUYIJINKENENGTIGAOJIEYANLV；
7
ASIPILINYINGYONG，DIJILIANGASIPILINYINGYONGYUYIJIYUFANGMUQIANJINXIANYUXUANZEDEGAOWEIHUANZHE。
专家提醒
YINGJIEHEZISHENQINGKUANG，HELIDIAOZHENGSHENGHUOFANGSHI，BAOZHENGHUANBAO，JIANKANGYINSHI，JIEYANXIANJIU，JIANGDIXINNAOXUEGUANJIBINGDEFASHENGFENGXIAN。TONGSHIHAITIXINGDAJIAJIAQIANGTIYUDUANLIAN，ZENGQIANGDIKANGLI，BINGDINGQIJINXINGTIJIAN。JIANYIMEINIANZHISHAOTIJIANYICI，YIFANGBINGWEIZHU，ZUODAOZAOFAXIAN、ZAOZHENDUAN、ZAOZHILIAO。
